On Sun, 17 Nov 2013 johndom@xxxxxxxxx wrote: > > the Ranger landers had solid retros that decelerated them to fairly low > > velocity before impact. > > Fairly low velocity is relative. For Ranger impact probes made of balsa wood > their lunar impact velocity after retro braking still was at least an order > of magnitude larger than the impact velocity of the amateur rocket in "How > Hard.Can It Be" landing without a chute. Don't know what the number for the latter is, but the maximum impact velocity specified for the balsa-sheathed Ranger hard-lander capsule was 250 ft/s (about 75m/s), which is not that high as a terminal velocity on Earth. > The issue here: by what means could such velocity be neutralised on impact > (over here) if the chute did not deploy. To save the electronic data. Same approach, really, as the Ranger capsule: you need a crushable shock absorber, so the deceleration takes place over tens of centimeters rather than (worst case, hard surface) a few millimeters. Modern electronic gear is pretty tough but there are limits. Henry Spencer henry@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx (hspencer@xxxxxxxxxxxxx) (regexpguy@xxxxxxxxx)