On Mon, 30 Sep 2013, George Herbert wrote: > Reentry TPS could have failed on either, but the details of how it failed > depended on reusable design. Or alternatively, on a "reusable" having major expendable components that could not be flight-tested, so debugging had to depend on making them identical... which failed. (Up to and including the very last flight, even after the post-Columbia fixes, ETs frequently lost substantial chunks of foam from semi-random places.) > SRB burnthrough... Unrelated to design mode, but prompted by the > reusability (stuck with SRBs when budget failed to come through and size / > performance specs were already committed, roughly). I would say quite strongly related to design mode, as above -- debugging was greatly hampered by the use of semi-expendable components. Each SRB was a one-shot expendable assembly (with some reusable components) that could not be flight-tested or even static-tested before flight. Even if all SRBs had been identical, they were too expensive to expend the number needed for a thorough test campaign. Compare to the Saturn V, where engines for an expendable rocket were required to be qualified for 20 starts and half an hour of operation -- numbers approximate, references aren't handy -- just so they could be tested before their one and only flight. Henry Spencer henry@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx (hspencer@xxxxxxxxxxxxx) (regexpguy@xxxxxxxxx)